![]() In early 1948 Shockley himself proposed a second three-element device, the bipolarjunction transistor (BJT), essentially two diode junctions back-to-back in a block of semiconductor. Although the point-contact transistor was never quite practical, the news ofits discoveryinspired a flood of activity aimed at creating devices that would control the flow of electrical charges in solids. Their work was part of an effort aimed at the replacement of mechanical relays in telephone switching systems, an application for which the vacuum tube was deemed d-suited. Brattain and Bardeen were members of a group headed by William Shockley and engaged in research on the electrical properties of solids at Bell Telephone Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. They were, after all, leading electronic technologies when Walter Brattain and John Bardeen made their discovery on 23rd December 1947. device called a transistor, which has several applications in radio where a vacuum tube ordinarily is employed, was demonstrated for the first time yesterday at Bell Telephone Laboratories.The device was demonstrated in a radio receiver, which contained none of the conventional tubes.’I It is not surprising that the vacuum tube and radio shared the stage for the announcement of a new device that became known as the point-contact transistor. It wasjnall‘y the needs of computers and the opportunities created by integrated circuits that made the silicon MOSFET the basic element of late 20th-century digital electronics. Development ofthe ‘other transistor’ wasjrst pursued elsewhere. Although these were solved at Bell Laboratories in 1958, Bell remained committed to earlier transistor technology. However, early devices were not practical due to problems. It was conlfirmed experimentally in 1948. The underlying concept ofthe MOSFET-modulation of conductivity in a semiconductor triode structure by a transverse electricjeld-rst appeared in a 1928 patent application. ![]() Arns The silicon metal-oxide-semiconductorjeld-e$ect transistor (MOSFET or MOS transistor) did not become signijkant commercially until two decades dJter the 1948 announcement ofthe invention ofthe transistor by Bell Laboratories. The other transistor: early history of the metal-oxide- sem-iconduaor f ielld-eff ect transistor by Robert G. ![]()
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